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Immediate notification to the NTSB is required in the event of a flight control system malfunction because this type of incident poses a significant risk to the safety of the flight and potentially affects the operation of the aircraft. Flight control system malfunctions can lead to loss of control of the aircraft, making it crucial for authorities to be informed immediately so that necessary investigations and actions can be taken to prevent future occurrences.

In contrast, while aircraft maintenance issues and flight rotation changes are important to report and address, they do not typically require immediate notification to the NTSB unless they directly contribute to an accident or incident. Similarly, simple navigational errors, unless they result in an accident or serious incident, generally do not necessitate immediate reporting to the NTSB. Thus, flight control system malfunctions are treated with the utmost urgency as they directly impact aviation safety.