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The definition of a serious injury according to the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is one that involves specific criteria, such as requiring 48 hours of hospitalization following the accident or that results in more severe conditions, such as a fracture, significant loss of function, or other notable medical complications. This definition is important for accidents involving non-fatal injuries, as it helps differentiate between minor injuries and those that could have more substantial implications for the victim's health and their ability to resume normal activities.

In contrast, minor first aid or injuries that only prevent normal activities for a day do not meet the threshold established by the NTSB for serious injuries. Additionally, while a sprain can require medical attention, it does not automatically classify as a serious injury unless it leads to the conditions stated in the NTSB criteria. Therefore, the requirement for 48 hours of hospitalization or specific severe conditions makes option C the correct understanding of what constitutes a serious injury in this context.